Subject : Agric science
Class : J S S 1
Date : 2/12/2021
Instruction : copy in to your Agric Science note book.
*Classification of crops based on Uses*
*Uses of crops*
Crops serves various uses to farmers and the nation. These crops and their uses are:
1. Cereals/ Grains : These are crops that belong to the grass family. They form the bulk of the energy-giving food we eat. Examples of cereals are rice, millet, wheat, sorghum, guinea corn, etc.
2. Tubers: Tubers are plants which grow under the soil. They are crops that store carbohydrates in underground organs. Examples are yam, cassava, cocoyam, sweet potato and Irish potato.
3. Pulses or legumes: Legumes or pulses are grown agriculturally and mainly for human consumption, for livestock feed, for silage and for soil replenishing. They are crops that provide very rich source of protein in our food. They also help to add nitrogen to the soil. Examples of pulses and legumes are cowpea, groundnut, soya beans, beans, peanuts, etc.
4. Fraits: Most fruits are biennial crops while some are perennial. They an crops that have succulent fruits. They are good sources of vitaming Examples of fruits are mango, orange, banana, cashew, pawpaw, gua and pineapple. They are good for human consumption and their leave can also be used to feed animals.
5. Vegetables: Vegetables are parts of plants that are eaten as food by man and animals. Vegetables are planted and harvested in a year. They are annual crops. They are crops that provide vitamins and minerals. Examples are okro, onion, tomato, pumpkin, cabbage, tomato, pepper, etc. There are the leaf vegetables and the fruit vegetables.
6. Oil crops: They are crops that produce oil which we use to cook our food. Some oil crops are perennials while some are annual. Examples are oil palm, coconut, groundnut, soya bean, shea butter, sunflower, melon, etc.
7. Spices: They are crops that are added to food to make them taste or smell better. Examples of spice crops are pepper, ginger, onion, locust beans, thyme, curry, etc.
8. Beverages: Beverages are the end product of some tree crops. They are
crops whose products help to stimulate the body. Most beverage crops are
tree crops. Examples of beverage crops are cocoa, kolanut, tea, tobacco,
etc.
9. Fibres: These are crops that produce materials that are used for making sacks, sponges, ropes, clothes, threads, etc. Examples of fibre crops are cotton, jute, kenaf, sisal, etc.
10. Latex crops: Latex crop are perennial crops. They are crops that produce a milky sap called latex which is used in manufacturing tyres, shoes, buckets, plates, spoons, footballs, etc. Examples of such crops are rubber tree, para-rubber.
Subject : Agric / Science
Class. : J S 1
Date: 25/11/2021
*Classes of Crops Based on their Lifespans*
Crops grow and are determined according to their lifespans. Some crops last for a long period of years while some do not last for more than a year. Crops are classified into annual, biennial and perennial crops.
1. *Annual crops:* These are crops that grow and complete their life cycles within a year or season. They germinate, grow flowers, produce seeds and die within one year. Most food crops are annual crops. Examples of annual crops are cereals, e.g. maize, rice, millet, etc. legumes, e.g. cowpea, groundnut, soya bean, etc. fibre e.g. cotton, jute, kenaf, etc.
2. *Biennial crops:* They grow and complete their life cycles within two seasons. They produce leaves in the first year, flowers and seeds in the second year. Examples of biennial crops are carrot, cocoyam, onion, etc.
3.*Perennial crops:* They are also called permanent crops. They grow and complete their life cycle in more than two years or seasons. Most of them produce flowers, fruits and seeds every year. Examples are cocoa, oil palm
tree, rubber, mango, kolanut, banana, etc.
25/11/2021.
J S S 1
AGRIC SCIENCE
Date : 18/11/2021
Instructions
1. Copy the note in your Agric science note book.
2. Submit your project report online
3. Bring the two crops you planted to School.
*CROPS PLANT FORMS*
A crop is any plant that has useful purpose or economic value. Crop plants are grouped into two forms based on the structure of their seeds or the number of seed leaf it contains. Seed leaf is otherwise known as cotyledon. Food for germinating seed is stored in the cotyledon. The two crop plant forms are monocotyledons and dicotyledons.
*Monocotyledons*
Monacotyledons are plants which have seeds with one seed leaf or cotyledon: i.e. their seeds possess one seed leaf Examples of monocotyledons are banana, plantain, oil palm, garlic, maize, millet, sorghum, rye, wheat, barley, pineapple, date-palm, coconut, rice. sugar cane and oats
*Dicotyledons*
Dicotyledons are plants which have seeds with two seed leaves or cotyledons. Examples of dicotyledonous plants are cowpea, kola, melon, pepper, groundnut, cocoa, cashew orange, mango, soybeans, okra, tomato, etc.
*Project number 2* ( submit your reports online)
1. Take two small cups or any available container, label A and B.
2. Fill each with garden soil.
3. Plant four maize seeds in A and four bean seeds in B.
4. Place the two containers in a well lit area.
5. Observe for a week and water slightly every other day.
6. Note the date of germination and how they germinate.
7. A week after germination, uproot a seedling from each container and examine roots and the leaves.
8. In a tabular form, state four differences in the external features between the two seedlings.
9. State which of them is a monocot and which is a dicot. Give two reasons for your answers.
Essay Questions (answer in your note book)
1. What is monocotyledon?
2 State four characteristics of dicotyledons
3. What is cotyledon? Of what importance is cotyledon to a germinating seed? 4. Give one function each of: (1) the stem and (ii) the root.
5. List two external features of crop plant forms.
18/11/2021